Cylinder construction for engines.



H. DECHAIVIPS.

CYLINDER CONSTRUCTION FOR ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED DBG 23, 1913.

Patented Sept. 1, 1914.

Inventor: Heil'vrgzzglc?ampA .lL-9: NQ/.4 Hiaflttormelg Winesse:

hr/w77 WW HEINRICH DECHAMTS, 0F CHRLOTTENBURG, GERMANY, ASSIGNOR IO GENERAL ELECTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OE NEV YORK.

CYLNDER CGNSTRUCTION FQR ENGNES.

Application filed Becember 23, SB.

To all '1c/0m it 'may concern Be it known that l, Hamelen Dnc/Harare, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Charlottenburg, Germany. have invented certain new and userffn Improvements in Cylinder Construction 'if' -l Engines, of Which the following isa specification.

The present invention relates to the construction of Water cooled cylinders for internal combustion engines operating on the higlrcoinpression plan, and especially to those having oipositely moving pistons in the same cylin er.

The object of nay invention is to improve and reduce the cpst of construction of such cylinders, particiilar reference beingl made to the arrangeniei'lt whereby objectionable distortion ettectsfdue to expansion and ccnltraction when in operation are obviated.

For a consideration of .vhatl believe to befnovel and my invention, attention is di: rect/cd to Vthe accompanying description anc claims appended thereto.

In the drawing is illustrated an internal combustion engine in vert-ical sect-ion, the pistons being omitted in the interest of clearness.

l indicates the sub-base of the engine AWhich carries the shaft bearings and mount ed thereon is the main base or cranlccasing 2, the upper Wall of the latter being provided with as many openings as there are cylinders and alsowitha receiver or cham-` ber 3 containing pure air to clean the cylinder or cylinders of exhaust gases and to supply the necessary air to support cornand said jacket is provided with a flange 16 ythat rests on the top of the receiver and is attached thereto by suitable means. To prebustion.

4 indicates the 'cylinder and 5 the Water jacket therefor. Midway of the cylinder is a combustion chamber 6, 'the bore of which may, as shown, be slightly larger in diameter than the` cylinder proper either to increase the cnbical contents or to avoid iinishing or both. The portion of the cylinder adjacent the combustion chamber is provided with integral projections 'l' and 8, the former being arranged to receive the/fuel injector and the latter the air starting valve and its casing. These projections extend through the Wall of the Water jacket but are separated therefrom by a small clearance 9 so that the cylinder with the projections can expand and contract Without ailecting the water jacket, and also so that changes in shape of the jacket Will not adect the cyl- Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. i, MB1/1t.

Serial l'o. 308,395.

inder. lJihen thefuel injector and air starting valves areinounted in place the clearance space 9 will, of course, be closed by a suitable packing to prevent the escape of cooling Water from the jacket.

The upper end of the cylinder is provided ivith exhaust ports l() that communicate with passages 1l leading to the outside of Ahe jacket. The metal forming the bridges l2 between ports contains passages 13 to permitthe cooling Water to flow from one partof the cooling chamber to the other. The inetal around the passages ll acts to tie or connect t-helcylinder and jacket. The upperend of the cylinder is also formed with guides llfor the cross-head of the upper piston. The lower end of the cylinder is provided with ports 15 and passages 15 through which air from the receiver 3 enters to Wash out the burned gases and supply the necessary air to support combustion for the next tiring stroke. Thebridires bett/Veen these ports are also provided With lpassages for cooling Water. T he metal around the passages l5a acts to tie or connect the cylinder and the lower end of the jacket when the latter is slotted, as will' appear later. The disposition of the metal in the region of the ports is such that the cylinder is definitely centered and held in place in the receiver. In a sense the scavengingr and exhaust ports divide the cylinder into three parts, that part between the rows of ports being subjected to the greatest temi perature.

The cylinder and jacket are. cast as a unit vent the ill eflects due to unequal expansion and contraction of the cylinder proper and the jacket, I slot the jacket as at 17 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder. This may be done when the castling is made or by a machine operation later,

latter being made or' rubber or some other suitable form of packing material. Being inserted between the cylinder and the surrounding wall of the receiver it Will be held in place without special retaining means. Owing to the slot 17 the weight of the cylinder is transmitted to the flange 16 solely through the part of the water jacket immediately above it. This arrangement permits of slight relative movements of the parts to compensate for changes due to temperature effects. As before stated, the cylinder may be considered as being composed of three parts, the middle or central part containing` the combustion chamber and the upper and lower ends. The end portions are not so much influenced by temperature changes as is the middle part and hence it is not so important to slot the wall of the water jacket around them, but it can be done if necessary or desirable. The lower end, next to the middle part, is most affected by temperature changes and I may, therefore, provi-.de means to compensate for such changes. The metal between the lower ends of the cylinder andV the jacket is either cut away by a machine operation or the parts may be separated in the casting operation. Stating the matter another way, the lower end of the water jacket is slotted concentric with the .axis of the cylinder. In the space or slot thus formed is fixed a ring' 19 that has inner and outer shoulders to receive packing rings 9.0 made oi rubbe;` or other suitable material of a compressible nature so that unequal eX- parisiens of the cylinder and jacket can take place without opening the joints. The lower wall 2l of the receiver, in addition to being bored to receive the cylinder, is shoulderedto receive a compressible packing By slotting the lower end of the cylinder, as shown, and providing a filling piece and packings, I avoid the use of special means for holding the packings in place.

My improved arrangement has the ad'- vantage of reducing the cost of cylinders of the character described and particularly by simplifying the machine work thereon.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is only illustrative and that the invention can be carried out by other means. y

lVhat I cla-im as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent o the United States, is

l. A cylinder `for an en ine which is formed as a unit with its cooling jacket, said jacket being slotted in a plane perpendicular to the aXis of the cylinder to compensate for the eects of the dierent temperatures to which the cylinder and jacket are subjected.

2. A cylinder for an enginel which 5s formed in one piece with its Water jacket and is provided with scavenging and exhaust ports, said jacket being provided with a cylinder supporting flange located in the plane of the middle portion of the cylinder between the ports and slotted in a plane perpendicular to the axis oi' the cylinder to reduce the eliects or' temperature changes.

3. A cylinder for an engine which is formed in one piece with its water jacket, said jacket being slotted in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder and also at one end concentric thereto, and filling means for said slots.

4. In an engine, the combination of a support having an opening, a cylinder and waterjacket formed in a unit and located in the opening, said jacket beingl slotted in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the cylin der, and a packing that closes said slot and is located between the j ach-et and the Wall of said opening.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto set my hand this 5th day of December, 1913.

HEINRICH DECil Ul/IPS.

Vifitnesses BERNHARD Karima, ALFRED KPPER. 

